The Cost of Winning…
Still, living displaces false sentiments…
–Seamus Heaney
I just met with several students from area colleges at my apartment. They are all volunteers at some level for various causes in China. They are an amazing group: smart, kind and honest, as my mother would have said said, to a fault. They accept China on China’s terms and do their best to ethically orient themselves toward success in a society where the rules are not always as clear as we in the west would want them to be…
Today, one student innocently shared information about university sanctioned illegal video and audio downloads and another showed me study materials stolen from America’s Educational Testing Service (ETS) that were reprinted, and repackaged without identifying marks and then sold to him by New Oriental (NYSE: EDU) staff. Let me digress a bit before I explain more to you of what I learned during one of my most enlightening lessons on IPR theft, Chinese Education and academic cheating….
Before I could become an instructor at the US Army’s Academy of Health Sciences, then one of the most modern teaching facilities in the US, I had to take a series of courses designed to make me a better educator. I was required to pass six graduate hours of training in lesson plan preparation, test item construction and item analysis. These courses were meant to insure that all classes taught by me would be measured against overt behavioral objectives. It’s intent was that students would be fairly graded and measurably educated. And for the record: there was still great creative latitude available to instructors about how to present a course, but the structure imposed on us guaranteed each student a fair chance at a good score. We also had teams of graphic artists, an enviable TV production station with closed circuit capability and virtually unlimited other resources to assist us and our personal classroom styles–one of the few positive benefits of the Vietnam draft was a wildly diverse and talented military whose skills the Army sometimes put to good use….
All of this was incredibly costly. I remember helping preparing the Army’s Behavioral Science Study Guide by authoring the Learning Theory and Behavior Modification chapters. It took thirty faculty members several months to create a comprehensive guide to social work/psychology theory and procedures that was used for years around the world as a promotions test preparation tool.
Tests are everything in China. Literally. The annual college boards here are similar to our GRE, SAT, ACT, GMAT, LSAT and numerous standardized tests. But, the main difference is: in China your future generally rests on your academic acumen as measured by one test taken on one day of your life– It is not unlike the recent Olympics in some ways. Socially and financially the waits between re-tests in China, easier in the US, can be devastating here: A single point can mean you that IF you get admitted to a Chinese “Ivy League” school,you might still be relegated to a less prestigious major that the administration will order you to study–and no, you cannot transfer easily to any other department.
So, many students head for cram schools. New Oriental, which went public 2 years ago for 100 million USD, was sued by ETS a few years ago, but continues to flaunt copyright laws in most of its centers. In 2001, Xu Xiaoping, vice-president of New Oriental, acknowledged their “mistake” in connection with the ETS copyright issue and went on to say said that his school had contacted ETS several times to buy the publishing rights for authorized GRE materials, but that they had been repeatedly rejected. Xu noted that New Oriental would have become the largest buyer of ETS materials in China if the ETS had made authorized GRE materials available to them. So, since N.O. can’t get materials on N.O’s terms from ETS they just steal them.
One student told me about professional test thieves who make a great deal of money by signing up for ETS aND IELTS exams and either memorize questions (long a practice of law and insurance board schools in the US) or just replace paper tests with pre-fab fakes and then sell the originals to New Oriental’s publishing consorts. The books have no author, publisher or copyright listed, but they are sold at N.O. schools. N.O. then packs 200-250 students in a cram class, hires cheap and marginally qualified teachers to preside over classes and pockets millions of RMB a week in profit. I am glancing at stolen test prep materials as I write. I have given it a lot of thought and ask myself: What student, anxious to further a career, can resist getting actual exam questions and study hints for any U.S. or Commonwealth test for only $3.50 USD?
During our casual meeting I mentioned that I was disappointed about the replacement of many weekly TV shows: In their place CCTV placed dreadfully boring movie re-runs so that we were forced to tune to the Olympics– or, god forbid, read a book or go out for exercise. I happened to mention that I was looking forward to learning the winner of the Celebrity Apprentice and one student said she had already downloaded the entire series from servers housed on campus–worst of all she spoiled the ending by revealing the outcome
I am less troubled by the latter than I am by the former: Students live in dorms with enforced curfews and those that are lucky enough to have TV may have to share it with up to 150 classmates. Libraries are not current and most school intranets prevent access to thousands of western sites. For many students, even those in International Business, their only views of the west, prior to graduation, come courtesy of a heavily censored CCTV or those shows and books filched from bit torrent locations. I blame part of China’s student suicide epidemic on the dearth of stimulation at many campuses and the singular dominance of exam dedicated teaching. Even during the most grueling courses at the Army’s Academy of Health Sciences we taught to the test, but promoted social activities and encouraged “real life” interactions and learning beyond the classroom’s walls. I hope the foreign entertainment industry will find ways to engage rather than enrage poorer Chinese in search of cultural education that can bridge our societies.
Then, there is N.O., a multimillion dollar, “publicly held” corporation openly preying on the desperation of students hoping to break ranks and better themselve despite China’s lock-step educational boot camps and profiteering cadres. Test prep is a several billion dollar a year industry here and there is no excuse for N.O. not paying its dues to the overseas organizations that are investing huge amounts of money in research, development and ongoing statistical analysis to level the academic playing field for foreigners and native learners alike. Cram schools are cheating ETS and others of profits and displacing deserving students who have studied according to the rules.
I heard this week that some US sports bodies, crest-fallen by the medal count in Beijing, look to begin Chinese style, full-time training of athletes. They intend to further industrialize Olympic competitions as the Chinese have done with sports and education. Research has long borne out the fact that such a model of learning: a punitive and obsessive approach to winning at any cost, creates only aberrant behavior. When we unnaturally force youth to adopt our national or political aspirations we should count the loss of their ability to enjoy normal developmental stages, once known as childhood and adolescence, as a death and one as as final and unnatural as the corporeal loss of a son or daughter.
The thefts perpetrated by employees of N.O. and the need for students to illegally download music are not the same, but they are symptoms of the same sickness that has visited and infected a nation in such a way that it barely knows it is ill.


















